You Don't Have to Be in Business to Deduct Certain Vehicle Expenses

When you think about tax deductions for vehicle-related expenses, business driving may come to mind. However, businesses aren’t the only taxpayers that can deduct driving expenses on their returns. Individuals may also be able to deduct them in certain circumstances. Unfortunately, under current law, you may be unable to deduct as much as you could years ago. How the TCJA changed deductions For years before 2018, miles driven for business, moving, medical and charitable purposes were potentially deductible. For 2018 through 2025, business and moving miles are deductible only in much more limited circumstances. The changes resulted from the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (TCJA), which could also affect your tax benefit from medical and charitable miles. Before 2018, if you were an employee, you potentially could deduct...

How Can Your Build a Golden Nest Egg if you're Self-Employed?

If you own a small business with no employees (other than your spouse) and want to set up a retirement plan, consider a solo 401(k) plan. This is also an option for self-employed individuals or business owners who wish to upgrade from a SIMPLE IRA or Simplified Employee Pension (SEP) plan. A solo 401(k), also known as an individual 401(k), may offer advantages in terms of contributions, tax savings and investment options. These accounts are geared toward self-employed individuals, including sole proprietors, owners of single-member limited liability companies, consultants and other one-person businesses. How much can you contribute? You can make large annual tax-deductible contributions to a solo 401(k) plan. For 2024, you can make an “elective deferral contribution” of up to $23,000 of your net self-employment (SE)...

From Risk to Reward: Valuing Emerging-Market Companies

In today’s global economy, an established business might consider expanding its revenue base by acquiring or merging with a company in an emerging market. These markets — for example, in Brazil, China, India, Mexico, South Africa and Turkey — provide tremendous growth potential. But they also come with significant risks. So, obtaining reliable business valuations is an essential part of due diligence in emerging-market M&As. Capturing opportunities and risks A nuanced valuation approach is required for companies in emerging markets, which generally are countries experiencing rapid economic growth and increasing industrialization. These companies face challenges related to market inefficiencies and operational risks that typically aren’t present in countries with more advanced economies. Other differences can also significantly affect the value of an emerging-market company. Specifically, valuation pros...

With Reporting Deadline Imminent, Court Puts BOI Reporting on Hold

In a groundbreaking decision, a federal district court in Texas has issued a nationwide preliminary injunction that blocks the enforcement of the beneficial ownership reporting requirements under the Corporate Transparency Act (CTA). This ruling comes from the case Texas Top Cop Shop v. Garland (December 3, 2024, U.S. District Court, Eastern District of Texas, Case No. 4:24-CV-478). . The court's decision is centered around the assertion that Congress overstepped its legislative bounds with the CTA. The judge determined that the law intrudes on the states' rights to regulate business entities within their jurisdiction, thereby deeming it unconstitutional. As a direct result, the U.S. Treasury's Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (FinCEN) is now barred from enforcing the upcoming January 1, 2025, deadline for reporting companies to submit their beneficial...

Maximize Your Year-End Giving with Gifts that Offer Tax Benefits

As the end of the year approaches, many people start to think about their finances and tax strategies. One effective way to reduce potential estate taxes and show generosity to loved ones is by giving cash gifts before December 31. Under tax law, you can gift a certain amount each year without incurring gift taxes or requiring a gift tax return. Taking advantage of this rule can help you reduce the size of your taxable estate while benefiting your family and friends. Taxpayers can transfer substantial amounts, free of gift taxes, to their children or other recipients each year through the proper use of the annual exclusion. The exclusion amount is adjusted for inflation annually, and in 2024 is $18,000. It covers gifts that an individual makes to...

In 2025, the Social Security Wage Base is Going Up

As we approach 2025, changes are coming to the Social Security wage base. The Social Security Administration recently announced that the wage base for computing Social Security tax will increase to $176,100 for 2025 (up from $168,600 for 2024). Wages and self-employment income above this amount aren’t subject to Social Security tax. If your business has employees, you may need to budget for additional payroll costs, especially if you have many high earners. Social Security basics The Federal Insurance Contributions Act (FICA) imposes two taxes on employers, employees and self-employed workers. One is for Old Age, Survivors and Disability Insurance, which is commonly known as the Social Security tax, and the other is for Hospital Insurance, which is commonly known as the Medicare tax. A maximum amount of compensation...

How Your Business Can Fight ATM Skimming

Skimming, where criminals use hidden digital readers to steal debit and credit card information, is a pervasive threat that can result in significant financial losses for businesses. The FBI estimates that ATM and point-of-sale (POS) skimming generates more than $1 billion for criminals annually. So if your business offers or operates these machines, you need to assess your risk and take steps to prevent skimming from happening on your premises. How it happens Skimming is widespread among thieves because it’s a relatively straightforward crime to perpetrate. Fraudsters secretly place a skimming device — usually a plastic overlay — on an ATM or POS reader to capture card data and users’ PINs. Alternatively, they might use hidden cameras focused on the keypad or even a “dummy” keypad. They then...

Reminder that Initial BOI Reporting for Pre-1/1/24 Entities is Due 1/1/25

In 2021, Congress passed the Corporate Transparency Act (CTA). The CTA requires many entities doing business in the US to report information about the individuals who ultimately own or control them (the entity's "beneficial owners").  The CTA's expanded anti-money laundering laws require that small businesses report this beneficial owner information to the Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (FinCEN) in an effort to create a national database for use by national security and law enforcement agencies to prevent the use of shell companies for criminal activity.  The new "Beneficial Ownership Interest" (BOI) reporting requirements, effective January 1, 2024, apply to domestic and foreign companies created or registered to do business in the US by filing a document with the Secretary of State (or similar office). While certain types...

Is Your Money-Losing Activity a Hobby or a Business?

Let’s say you have an unincorporated sideline activity that you consider a business. Perhaps you offer photography services, create custom artwork or sell handmade items online. Will the IRS agree that your venture is a business, not a hobby? It’s an essential question for tax purposes. If the expenses from an activity exceed the revenues, you have a net loss. You may think you can deduct that loss on your personal federal income tax return with no questions asked. Not so fast! The IRS often claims that money-losing sidelines are hobbies rather than businesses — and the federal income tax rules for hobbies aren’t in your favor. TCJA made tax rules worse Old rules: Before the TCJA rules kicked in in 2018, if an activity was deemed to...

How Your Business Can Prepare for and Respond to an IRS Audit

The IRS has been increasing its audit efforts, focusing on large businesses and high-income individuals. By 2026, it plans to nearly triple its audit rates for large corporations with assets exceeding $250 million. Under these plans, partnerships with assets over $10 million will also see audit rates increase tenfold by 2026. This ramp-up in audits is part of the IRS’s broader strategy, funded by the Inflation Reduction Act, to target wealthier entities and high-dollar noncompliance. The IRS doesn’t plan to increase audits for individuals making less than $400,000 annually. Small businesses are also unlikely to see a rise in audit rates in the near future, as the IRS is prioritizing more complex returns for higher-wealth entities. For example, the tax agency has announced that one focus area is...